Guides/Moon/Median Stacking

How to Stack Moon Video with Median Stacking

MoonBeginner Level15 min read

Stack lunar videos and reveal stunning crater detail. Process Moon videos online with our free tool for sharp, detailed results.

Advanced Mode Tutorial

This guide covers manual configuration in Advanced Mode where you select the stacking algorithm and fine-tune all parameters. For automatic processing, try Quick Mode - it detects your video type and applies optimal settings automatically.

TL;DR

Want full control over your Moon processing? Median Stacking is a Beginner-level algorithm. The safest choice - naturally rejects outliers and artifacts It works especially well for Craters with central peaks (Tycho, Copernicus, Plato). This guide shows you how to configure Median Stacking in Advanced Mode for optimal results.

Introduction

Moon is one of the most rewarding targets for amateur astrophotographers. With its Craters with central peaks (Tycho, Copernicus, Plato) and Maria (dark basaltic plains) - Sea of Tranquility, etc., even modest equipment can capture impressive detail. However, raw video footage straight from your camera rarely shows the full potential of your observations.

This is where Median Stacking comes in. By intelligently combining hundreds or thousands of video frames, Median Stacking For each pixel position, collects values from all frames. The result? A single image with dramatically improved detail and reduced noise.

In this guide, you'll learn exactly how to use Median Stacking to process your Moon videos using Uranum AstroStack AI - a cloud-based tool that replaces complex desktop software like PIPP, AutoStakkert, and Registax with a simple, browser-based workflow.

Whether you're using a smartphone through an eyepiece or a dedicated planetary camera, this tutorial will help you achieve professional-quality results.

What is Median Stacking?

For each pixel, sorts all frame values and picks the middle one. Naturally eliminates extreme outliers like airplane lights, satellite trails, and sensor hot pixels. Simple but effective - a great starting point for any video.

How It Works:

  1. 1For each pixel position, collects values from all frames
  2. 2Sorts all values and selects the middle value (median)
  3. 3Outliers (satellites, hot pixels, cosmic rays) are naturally excluded
  4. 4Result is the "typical" value at each pixel - very robust

Best For:

  • First-time planetary photographers - safe and reliable
  • Removing satellite trails, airplane lights, Starlink streaks
  • Videos with occasional bright artifacts or hot pixels
  • When you are unsure which algorithm to use

Not Recommended For:

  • Videos with highly variable seeing - weighted better captures sharp moments
  • When you need maximum detail and have high-quality source footage

Why Use Median Stacking for Moon?

Moon presents unique challenges for astrophotographers: Very bright - easy to overexpose and lose detail and Large angular size requires mosaics for full disk. Median Stacking is one of the recommended algorithms for Moon because it effectively addresses these challenges.

Median Stacking is Recommended for Moon

  • Feature Enhancement: Moon's Craters with central peaks (Tycho, Copernicus, Plato) benefit from Median Stacking's ability to First-time planetary photographers - safe and reliable.
  • Challenge Mitigation: The Very bright - easy to overexpose and lose detail is handled well because Median Stacking Sorts all values and selects the middle value (median).
  • Skill Level: As a Beginner-level algorithm, Median Stacking is accessible even if you're new to planetary imaging.

Pro tip: For Moon, you might also try Local Quality Stacking or Sigma-Clip Stacking for comparison.

Step-by-Step Tutorial

Follow these steps to process your Moon video using Uranum AstroStack AI. The entire process takes about 5-10 minutes.

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Step 1: Capture Your Moon Video

For best results, capture 2,000-5,000 frames per region at 60-100 fps. Maximum duration: 5+ minutes (no rotation issue). Use 3-10ms exposure at Low (80-180) gain.

Tip: Best detail at the terminator - dramatic shadows reveal topography

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Step 2: Upload Your Moon Video

Drag and drop your Moon video file into Uranum. We support AVI, SER, MP4, MOV, and MKV formats (up to 1.5GB free, 4GB Starter, 10GB Pro).

Tip: SER format preserves maximum quality. MP4/MOV have compression artifacts but still work well.

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Step 3: Select Moon as Object Type

Choose "Moon" from the object type dropdown. This applies optimized defaults including stack percentage (40-50%) for average seeing and enhancement settings tuned for Craters with central peaks (Tycho, Copernicus, Plato).

Tip: Quick Mode will auto-detect optimal settings. Use Advanced Mode only if you need specific control.

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Step 4: Choose Your Mode

Quick Mode: Automatic processing with intelligent frame selection - recommended for most users. Advanced Mode: Manual control over Median Stacking and all parameters.

Tip: Quick Mode uses knee-detection to find optimal stack percentage automatically.

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Step 5: For Advanced Mode: Select Median Stacking

In the Stacking section, choose "Median Stacking". The safest choice - naturally rejects outliers and artifacts

Tip: Median Stacking is Beginner-level. First-time planetary photographers - safe and reliable.

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Step 6: Set Stack Percentage Based on Seeing

Adjust based on your seeing conditions: Poor (25-35%), Average (40-50%), Good (50-65%), Excellent (65-80%). When in doubt, start with 40-50%.

Tip: Lower percentage = sharper but noisier. Higher percentage = smoother but potentially softer.

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Step 7: Start Processing

Click "Start Processing". Uranum analyzes frames, ranks them by quality, stacks the best ones, and applies enhancements. Processing typically takes 2-5 minutes.

Tip: Track progress in real-time. Processing time depends on frame count and your tier.

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Step 8: Download Your Result

Compare before/after using the slider. Download in PNG (8/16-bit), TIFF (16-bit), or FITS (32-bit for scientific use).

Tip: 16-bit TIFF preserves the most data for further processing in PixInsight, Photoshop, etc.

Recommended Settings for Moon + Median Stacking

These are recommended starting values for Moon videos with Median Stacking in Advanced Mode. Use them as a baseline and adjust based on your specific video quality and conditions.

Recommended Starting Settings
SettingValueExplanation
Capture Duration5+ minutes (no rotation issue)Moon has specific rotation limits. Exceeding this causes motion blur that stacking cannot fix.
Frame Count Target2,000-5,000 frames per regionMore frames = more to choose from. Capture at 60-100 fps for optimal sampling.
Stack Percentage (Average Seeing)40-50%For typical seeing conditions, stack 40-50% of frames. Adjust based on your seeing: poor (25-35%), average (40-50%), good (50-65%), excellent (65-80%). Quick Mode auto-detects optimal percentage.
Stacking AlgorithmMedian StackingThe safest choice - naturally rejects outliers and artifacts
Wavelet PresetBalancedMoon benefits from balanced sharpening. Quick Mode auto-selects based on image sharpness analysis.
Output Format16-bit PNG or TIFF16-bit preserves maximum tonal information. Use for further processing in other software.

Capture Settings Reminder

For best results with Moon, capture at 60-100 fps with 3-10ms exposure and Low (80-180) gain.

Tips for Best Results

Capture Tips for Moon

  • Best detail at the terminator - dramatic shadows reveal topography
  • Shoot mosaics: capture overlapping regions, stitch later
  • Use CLAHE processing for local contrast in craters
  • Moon tolerates higher stack percentages due to brightness

Processing Tips

  • Start with Quick Mode to see baseline results
  • Use Advanced Mode to fine-tune wavelets and sharpening
  • Export as 16-bit TIFF for maximum quality
  • Compare different algorithms to find your preference

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Don't over-sharpen - it creates artifacts and noise halos
  • Don't stack 100% of frames - quality matters more than quantity
  • Don't capture during poor seeing - wait for stable air
  • Don't forget to let your telescope acclimate to outside temperature

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about planetary video stacking and processing.

Related Guides

Explore more tutorials to expand your planetary imaging skills.

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